Social Game Company Zynga (2007, San Francisco) - 825 Words

Social Game Company: Zynga (San Francisco) (Case Study Sample) Content: Case studyName Institution Case studyZynga, a company started in the year 2007 is a social game company whose headquarters are in San Francisco. The games developed by this company work on mobile phone platforms. Some of the mobile phone platforms using them include but not limited to Apple iOS, Windows and Android. The social games are also accessible through the companys website called Zynga.com. Moreover, social networking sites such as Facebook and Google+ host these games (Abatecola, 2013). The entrepreneur behind this company is Mark Jonathan Pincus. Mark is also the one who established Freeloader, Inc, support.com and Tribe Networks. In the initial years of operations, Mark was known to offer quite effective leadership in this company; an effort which saw him awarded the CEO of the year award in the year 2009. He was also named the Founder of the Year and awarded for the same in the year 2011. The leadership in this company has registered various successes and failures. The company has employed strategies which have seen it make huge revenue which it has used for various charitable causes. Since its establishment in the year 2009, the company has generated more than $15 million. These resources have been used to support charitable organizations across the globe (Abatecola, 2013).The resources have also enabled the company to come up with over 95 in game social impact campaigns targeting various global relief agencies. Over 3 million players have participated towards this course. In the year 2010, the company for instance was able to raise $1.5 million in a span of only 5 days. These resources were utilized in the assistance of people who had been affected by the earthquake which had hit Haiti (Janakiraman Crowder, 2013). The resources were generated through a number of promotions which run across various popular games. These games included but not limited to Farm Ville, Fish Ville, Mafia and Poker. Outside disaster relief, the company h as also engaged in admirable philanthropy. In December 2012 for instance, it partnered with Toys for Tots in a global charitable campaign which had nothing to do with disaster relief. This is a campaign which saw the contribution of over $745, 000 and it aimed at providing about 60, 000 toys and books to deserving children across the United States. The company has recently come up with a number of programs to contribute to the education sector. These programs are specifically focused on education technology. These cases clearly portray the company as one which has achieved a commendable success owing to its effective leadership (Walker, 2013). The leadership in this company has also registered a number of negative activities. The leaders of this company have for instance been accused of ripping off other games; accusations which have had it engaged in a number of court battles. The leaders have been accused of ripping from the designs of other firms in the same line of production. The Mafia Wars Games for instance are a case in point as far as these suits are concerned. The company was sued by David Maestri in the 2009 for copying Mob Wars. This suit saw the company pay a total of $9 million in compensation for damages. The company was sued over the same game again in the year 2010. The second suit was instigated by Digital Chocolate which is a mobile game company. The leaders in this company have also been accused of insider trading. These leaders sold off their shares a few moments before it tanked (Janakiraman Crowder, 2013). The strategy used by this company according to many researchers is one which involves copying what others in this field have and then trying to rip maximum benefits out of them. This is a strategy which as mentioned has seen the company get entangled in numerous court cases. The launch of Mafia Wars for instance saw a swift reaction from the developers of Mob Wars. They claimed that Zynga copied virtually all the features of Mob War s to make Mafia Wars. In its defense, the leaders of the company have termed this as a traditional trend. They were for instance quoted claiming that the makers of video games have always launched related titles for each genre of a game. These remarks were made by Mark Pincus. The company can therefore be termed as one which does not invest in research aimed at coming up with new innovations. This is clearly a less sustainable strategy which can only see the company get involved in non ending problems involving court battles with its competitors. The strategy used by this company involving copying according to researchers in its field of operation has led to very low levels of brand loyalty as well as market empathy (Janakiraman Crowder, 2013). A good strategy which the company can use to stay ahead in its line of production is one involving the creation of good will in its fan bases. This would assure the company high levels of brand loyalty hence increased revenue. The creation of good will makes clients quite excited with t...

Medias Representation of the Nature and Extent of Crime...

Medias Representation of the Nature and Extent of Crime in Britain There is continuous debate on the effectiveness of media reporting with regards to informing the public about crime. The media have motive, methods by, which they distort information, and evidence of the affects of their misinforming the public. However the media do inform the public with regards to problems in our society, without the media we would know nothing. The public also need to be thought of when trying to decipher whether the media does in fact misinform them. There are certain motives, which may suggest that the media do in fact misinform the public with regards to the nature and extent of crime. The Marxist ‘mass†¦show more content†¦Surely it is the working class that are producing, writing and developing the media, for as the label suggests, they are working. So how can it be proposed that the media misinforms the public, when those that produce the media are in fact, the public? It could be said that the media therefore is an opinion, and how can an opinion be misinforming, it is not fact it is merely an interpretation of an event expressed by the public for the public. In spite of this there is another motive for the media to need to distort information and therefore misinform the public is the competition between media sources. McManus (1992) did a study of a Scottish television station he found that; 18 of the 32 stories analysed -- 56 percent -- were inaccurate or misleading. McManus also found a pattern to the miss-coverage: There is an economic logic to these distortions and inaccuracies. All but one...were likely to increase the storys appeal, help cut down the cost of reporting or oversimplify a story so it could be told in two minutes. As the Marxist theory proposes, we live in a capitalist society, where the social structure is determined by those with money and therefore power. Consequently the media wish to secure as many sales as possible and make the highest profit. To do this they often distortShow MoreRelatedThe Influence of the Media in Shaping the Publics Understanding of Crime1878 Words   |  8 PagesShaping the Publics Under standing of Crime With the rise of the mass media throughout the world, predominantly the Western world, the issue of media influence has become a serious one. Due to media’s primary obsession with crime and violence, it definitely has a negative influence on shaping peoples understanding of crime by exaggerating it. A branch of media which always exaggerates on some crime e.g. terrorist attacks then other crimes is TV news this is basically anRead MoreMarginalisation of Ethnic Minorities in Contemporary Media Essay2833 Words   |  12 Pagesthe nature of the media and the ways people interact with it. For example, cable, terrestrial and satellite television channels plus widespread cheap access to the Internet and digital technology have spread rapidly from the USA to many other parts of the world. In addition audiences are now able to interact with the media to some extent, so they are able to exercise some control over the form and sometimes the content of the message they receive. For representation to

When Is Work For Rule Effective Essay - 2359 Words

1. When is work to rule effective? Work-to-rule is an industrial action where employees purposely follow all the rules in order to delay the progress of work and when workers perform their tasks exactly as they are required to do by their employment contract. Work to rule involves employees following the strict terms of their contract, by taking their work responsibilities exactly by contract and they refuse to step outside their duties. When employees execute work to rule, operations within the organization becomes slow which decreases productivity. Work to rule is most effective when employees continue to apply themselves in the performance of all their duties in a most thorough and meticulous manner as prescribed by the relevant employing authorities. For example, employees are given a contract where their tasks and duties are enlisted. You the employee may have been motivated to work because of who you are so you work overtime or perhaps do tasks that you’re not required to do. But because of a difficult or unreasonable supervisor who keeps pressuring you to work overtime or do something that you aren’t comfortable with, you (the employee) can apply the work to rule to get your point across. Being that work to rule would be used as a method of influencing negotiations without going on strike. What employees do is cover just their duties but do nothing on their own ingenuity Work to rule is also effective when workers do this collectively, being that it is a call forShow MoreRelatedThe Key Objective Of A Great Facilitator860 Words   |  4 Pagesthat make the group the most effective and efficient unit possible. However, this is not always the case. Building a team that flourishes in any situation can be a daunting endeavor. Many individuals unknowingly lack the skills necessary to be a great facilitator. Roger Schwarz (2002), has created nine ground rules for honing a more effective group. When these nine ground rules are applied and executed by a team, any facilitator will be able to produce a more effective and efficient group. FurthermoreRead MoreRules Of The Final Rule1020 Words   |  5 Pagesdirect final rule before the effective date. The agency may re†start the process by publishing a conventional proposed rule or decide to end the rulemaking process entirely.† (Office of the Federal Register) After the Final Rule The final rules must be published on the Code of Federal Regulations, and agencies must publish the changes in the final rule. The Code of Federal Regulations has all of the rules of the Federal government with current or future effect. The day the final rule is publishedRead More education Essay1222 Words   |  5 Pages Rather than emphasizing on maintaining discipline in a classroom, classroom management would be more appropriate for an effective teacher. Discipline has two significant limitations such that discipline highlights the individual rather than the classroom and secondly it connotes negative behavior (352). Whereas classroom management is broadly defined as â€Å"all of those positive behaviors and decisions a teacher makes to facilitate the learning process of their students† also reiterating all of thoseRead MoreA Brief Note On Work And Life Balance1695 Words   |  7 Pages Work and Life balance has become a consequential topic about a few decades ago up until today. Work-life balance was originally derived in the 1970’s to refer to the balance that exists in one’s professional life and personal one (Newman Matthews, 1999). In the past decade or so, there has sparked a curiosity in the work-life balance realm. More and more studies and research came about on the topic and attracted the attention of scholars, the government, press, etc. This increase in curiosityRead MoreLearning Methods For Successful Classroom Management Essay1164 Words   |  5 Pagesarea of concern. When teachers come to master an effective classroom management, it takes time to establish it in the beginning of the year particularly on the first day of school. Classroom management demands student achievement, time, study area, teaching methods, and feedback .Effective classroom management depends on classroom management, classroom organization, and expectations for st udent behavior. Firstly, Classroom management is the strategies and techniques that an effective teacher uses inRead MoreIntroduction. What Is God’S Way In A Classroom?Reflecting1717 Words   |  7 PagesIt is important to understand what an effective teacher is. â€Å"An effective teacher endows pupils with analytical and critical skills and instilment of the capacity for individual study. (Lavy, 2016) If a teacher was creating goals for the up-coming school year, it would be to establish a positive learning environment that is productive and incorporates both nurturing and Biblical teachings. Proverbs 22:6 â€Å"Train up a child in the way he should go: and when he is old, he will not depart from itRead MoreThe Importance Of The Law In The Court Of Law1438 Words   |  6 PagesHouse of Commons. The commencement of an act is the date when the act will come into force. This is most commonly the date of the royal accent but can be changed to a different date if specified before the royal accent. The changed date will still have to be after the royal accent. In a court of law there are different rules that the judge can use when sentencing or convicting a person. The first type of rule is the literal rule. This rule is when the judge gives a sentence based on the law is it referringRead MoreLord of the Flies Legal Studies814 Words   |  4 PagesPart One: Why are rules necessary in our society? Laws and rules are important in our society as they serve as a norm of conduct. Rules ensure that social cohesion is kept. Social Cohesion is important as it maintains and preserves our principle moral, social, economic, and political values and establishes patterns of behaviour expected of members of the society. Every society needs rules (whether legal or not) to regulate behaviour, to provide guidelines of acceptable behaviour and to prevent conflictRead MoreSetting Up An Effective Classroom Environment1742 Words   |  7 Pages Setting up an effective classroom environment is essential in order to be a successful teacher. Good classroom management requires careful planning of the classroom organization, rules, procedures, and instruction. Without these, classrooms would not run smoothly and efficiently. It is not enough to assume that students will behave appropriately throughout the year just because the teacher has taught the students what is expected of them. Good teachers en courage good behavior by constantly implementingRead MoreObjective 310.2.3-08 Develop an Ethics Program Essay example1475 Words   |  6 Pageshave decided it would be appropriate to have an ethics program in place before we start offering services. A company must have an effective ethics program to ensure that all employees understand its values and comply with the policies and codes of conduct that create its ethical culture (Ferrell, Ferrell Fraedrich, 2008, p. 211). In order to develop an effective ethics program, it must contain certain items. It must first have a code of conduct to establish what is and is not acceptable behavior

Still Alice Paper - 1437 Words

Dementia refers to the loss of brain function and Alzheimer’s disease is a form of dementia. It normally attacks old people, but research shows that even the young and energetic can suffer from dementia. Though not totally clear, it is said to be caused by the genes and the environment. Alice Howland is a highly esteemed professor at Harvard University living comfortably with John Howland her husband and three children. The first signs of dementia start showing up when she can’t find her cell phone and she thinks this is normal as her husband normally misplaced his keys, then she becomes disoriented in her home town, and is baffled when she is diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease in its early stages. We feel for Alice because how she†¦show more content†¦While she is out running, something happens and she can’t trace her way back home in a place where she has lived for twenty five years! After sometime, things click into place and she finds her way home but this is enough to scare her into seeing a doctor, it is very weird and she finds it hard to explain hence she ahead to see a Doctor diagnosed her with mild dementia (Lisa 2010). She is by the doctor, she is a carrier of a mutated gene responsible for the disease and that there is a possibility that her children could be carrying the disease too. There is a scene where we are presented with Alice who wants to go put for a run with the husband and yet she cannot even put on her own sports bra, she screams and the husband comes in only to find her with underwear over her head. Alice herself cannot understand why she cannot put on her own sports bra something she’s done a million times and these draws us to know that the disease is taking a toll on her is when she laughs at this so hard (Lisa 2010). The husband notices that something is amiss with Alice when she doesn’t seem to keep track of conversations in a party they were invited and forgets the names of the people she had been earlier introduced to. When she was preparing for the lecture she took forty five minutes preparing and when she gets into the class she has no idea about what she had prepared. She tries to cover up for the memory loss by every means possible. SheShow MoreRelatedMary Alice : A Victim Of The Woman s Inertia Essay1207 Words   |  5 Pagesinertia, Mary Alice raised her voice and was now practically shouting, This is a mistake. A mistake! Please recheck your records. I m telling you, she is not dead! The clerk s head was turned in her direction but she didn t even blink as the sound of Mary Alice s shrill frantic voice filled the small office. She just stared, her face eerily blank and unresponsive. Mary Alice felt fear tear through her like a comet, panic overcoming her customary reticence. Terror drove Mary Alice s purposefulRead MoreAlice Paul1585 Words   |  7 Pagesas secretaries, waitresses, garment workers and housekeepers are still significantly underpaid today. Many widows and mothers were not able to make ends meet and often had to have their children work as well to support the family. Women had no rights to change these conditions or their circumstances. The inability to partake in the democratic process was something many women were angry with; Alice Paul was one of them. Alice Paul grew up in a Quaker home that believed in the ethic of hard workRead MoreA Woman s Crusade And The Battle For The Ballot1431 Words   |  6 PagesIn A Woman’s Crusade, Alice Paul and the Battle for the Ballot, Mary Walton argues how important it is for women to actively know the history with their equality rights, and how Alice Paul and other women fought so hard for those rights throughout time. All through time women have fought for the right to vote, equal rights in the workplace, and rights for our own body, these fights have been so important for woman to move on in our society to been seen as equals and not the weaker sex. Moving backRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Alice Walker And Visual Artist1523 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction My paper literary artist Alice walker and visual artist Van Goth are best artist in the world, they have many similar things and different things, they are come from different century, different country, they have different family background, they have different work and life. People have different views on them. They both well know and both have a lot of fans in the world. Compared their difference and similar, life and work. We could links the two lives and their work together. ForRead MoreLeadership And Legacy Of Alice Paul1569 Words   |  7 PagesSam Grootenboer NHD Paper- Leadership and Legacy 12/15/14 Alice Paul was a leader in the suffragist movement, and she left a legacy for more women in the future. She was born in New Jersey and had a social work and law degree. She founded the Congressional Union for Woman Association, and continued to founding many things after that. She founded the World Women’s Party, which gave women equal rights, and that left a legacy for women all over the world. Some of the things that sheRead MoreAnalysis Of The Three Books : Lucky, The Lovely Bones, And The Almost Moon1381 Words   |  6 PagesThe American author, Alice Sebold, published the three books: Lucky, The Lovely Bones, and The Almost Moon. Alice Sebold grew up in the Philadelphia suburbs as her father was a Spanish professor at the University of Pennsylvania and her mother was a journalist for a local paper. She attended college at Syracuse University achieving her bachelor’s degree in studying writing, and she would earn her Masters of Fine Arts from the University of Cali fornia in 1998. Alice Sebold is extremely known forRead MoreApplying Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass† by Lewis Carroll to the Mind811 Words   |  4 PagesThis way of thinking can be transferred and directly applied to the mind. How the mind works, its many varying functions, and lastly the unconscious mind can all be tied to Alice. The unconscious mind can be compared to Alice, as can a dreamlike state of mind. In the first book Lewis Carroll wrote, it never states that Alice is dreaming. It does infer that she is, though, by way of saying it was a warm day, which would make one drowsy. You can imagine slowly drifting off and all of the sudden youRead MoreGoose Creek Performing Arts Center905 Words   |  4 PagesArts Center has adapted Lewis Carroll’s story Alice In the Wonderland into a hour and half long play. The students was a combination of junior and seniors. On November the 8th, 2015 I attended the play which was directed, by Dorothy Smith. The play began with Alice (Sara Goodman) reading a book by a riverbank and just as she became bored and sleepy. The White Rabbit ( Daz’Cha) randomly appears fearing he will be late constantly checking his watch. Alice (Sara Goodman) is curious so she follows theRead MoreThe Film Frankie Alice Starring Halle Berry964 Words   |  4 PagesIntro The film Frankie Alice starring Halle Berry is based on a true story of a woman who is living with a dissociative identity disorder. Set a number of years back (likely the 1970s or 1980s), this film provides the audience with a close up look at what it might be like to live with a mental health disorder. While watching the film, I put a great deal of effort into understanding the symptoms and episodes of the disorder, as the main character experienced them. Through my findings, I have aRead MoreAtwood, Neel, And Feminism1645 Words   |  7 Pagesidea on a piece of paper can create a broad conversation, free for the world’s discussion and criticism. For instance, the idea of Feminism, and its entire concept can be analyzed in both writing, and artwork. As women of the early 1900’s, Margaret Atwood, an author, and Alice Neel, an artist, have both captured the idea of feminism in their life’s work. Margaret Atwood was born on November 18, 1939 in Ottawa, Ontario. (Atwood M. , Is Margaret Atwood A Feminist? Are You?, 2009) Alice Neel was born on

Effects of Violence on Adolescence - 1408 Words

Introduction Violence is a malicious act done by a human being that has the intention of harming or killing another living being. Violence is everywhere: in the home, in the school, and in the community. Violence causes negative effects to humans’ mental health. These negative effects may trigger symptoms of posttraumatic stress, depression, and even anxiety. Symptoms of these disorders can be some of the following: anxiousness, avoidant behavior, feeling a loss of motivation, and feeling of uneasiness. Violence does not only affect the person being victimized but it affects the people witnessing it. Witnessing acts of violence may provoke depressive symptoms, anxiety, suicidal types of behavior, substance abuse, and displaced aggression.†¦show more content†¦Stress is a response to an event that makes you feel upset or threatened. Stress is a way of protecting you and when it works well it helps you stay alert. Symptoms of stress include anxiousness, agitation, short temper, and use of drugs or alcohol. Thes causes of stress can include major life changes, school, family, or chronic worry. Stress can cause a person to be socially withdrawn, use illegal drugs, drink alcohol, have angry outburst, or have anxiety. Being in tune with one’s ethnic identity can help protect against the negative effects of stress and reduces the negative impacts that exposure to violence would have on one’s mental health. This is greater effected by ethnic minority adolescents. There have been studies that have found that support from family, friends or peers to the victim or witness of violence does not seem to protect against the effects of violence exposure on the outcomes of mental health. An important aspect of the lives of adolescents are their peers. A peer is a person that is around the same age group or social group as another. Adolescents are more likely to conform to their peers when they have an uncertainty about their social identity. The cliques and crowds that adolescents form are important to them for the social aspect. It may be a great advantage for an adolescent that has been exposed to high levels of violence to seek support from peers or adults in the school. Help seeking increases the accessibility to emotional supportShow MoreRelatedChild Abuse Is A Serious Concern Of Society1570 Words   |  7 Pagesthe negative effects on later social and psychological functioning. Particularly, the concern of ‘the cycle of violence hypothesi s’ which is one of the most influential conceptual models for antisocial behaviour in the social and behavioural science (DeLisi, Kosloski, Vaughn, Caudill, Trulson, 2014; Lansford, Miller-Johnson, Berlin, Dodge, Bates, Pettit, 2007). Numerous studies have documented the association between childhood physical abuse and later aggressive behavior and violence delinquencyRead MoreMedia Violence And Its Effects1057 Words   |  5 Pages Media violence exposure has been investigated as a risk factor for aggression behavior for years. The impact of exposure to violence in the media the long term development and short term development of aggressive behavior has been documented. Aggression is caused by several factors, of which media violence is one. Research investigating the effects of media violence in conjunction with other predictors of aggression such as; environmental factors and dysfunction within the family household,Read MoreAdolescence : Literature Review1463 Words   |  6 PagesAdolescence is a time period when a child is trying to become its own person and eventually an adult. It’s a time period when a lot of changes are occurring. Whether it’s through their education moving from middle school to high school or changes within their brain as they age. Adolescents are going through puberty, hormonal changes and experimenting with different social groups within their society. The culture a nd the social aspects of a society can shape an adolescent into an adult, whether itRead MoreThe Social Learning And Behavioral Theory1617 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction With adolescence comes a big influx of hormones, non-fully developed minds and taking the experiences learned from years before and putting them to the test of the world. However, adolescence, which according to the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) can also be the years where a significant number of crimes are committed, peaking at the ages from 15-19. While some studies agree that these young offenders usually, nearly 60-70% (NIJ), cease in their offenses as they get older and aboutRead MoreHow do Differential Association Theories best Demonstrate that Criminal Behaviour is a ‘Learned Behaviour’1007 Words   |  5 Pagesbe the outcome of the effect of drug or alcohol use, while indirect would occurs through, for example, anticipation of rewards valued is subgroups. This idea of indirect reinforcement is important for understanding the role of symbolic social reward and punishments. However, the most vital reinforcement tend to be social (Akers and Sellers, 2004) The role of family The researchers have always found that there is a powerful relationship between childhood experience of violence in the family and earlyRead MoreExamining the Behavior Between Media and Antisocial Aggressive Behavior in Teenagers993 Words   |  4 PagesNowadays, aggressive and violent behaviour have been said to be caused by media violence in many researches. Media violence has been defined as â€Å"visual portrayals of acts of physical aggression by one human or human-like character against another† while violent behaviour is defined as overt and intentional physically aggressive behaviour against another person. I found that PsycINFO database from Ovid is useful and reliable as apart from providing clear reference details for every text, it highlightsRead MoreChild Abuse And Domestic Abuse1636 Words   |  7 PagesAdolescence, the stage in life that while not yet adults they are not quite children either. A factor that creates violent and aggressive adolescents includes being exposed to child abuse and domestic abuse. Moylan, T. Herrenkohl, Sousa, Tajima, R. Herrenkohl, and Russo (2010) look at the relationship between those who were exposed to either child abuse, domestic abuse, or both and the outcome of aggressive adolescents. Families were first assessed when children were in preschool, eighteen monthsRead MoreDifferences Between Male And Female Adolescents1130 Words   |  5 Pagessexes surpass of social and emotional, are probable to be obvious. The bodily aspects of adolescence involve common growth and, definitely, sexual developing. Both sexes experience the same developing subo rdinate sexual individualities of adults, and will receive a collective increase that shift in interest in family involvement to subculture. Changes are characteristic of male and female adolescence mean the state of becoming an adult, which allow both genders to charter the anatomy andRead MoreEarly Disclosure, Violence, And Violence1248 Words   |  5 PagesEarly disclosure to violence may possibly lead to aggression in young preschoolers. Research stated that exposure to violence in adolescence at a young age may lead to aggression in school age youths. Aggression and violence may not be as serious for some individuals and it’s often considered a part of growing up as a child. Aggression can be understood in a range of ways. It can be conceptualized as ones’ personality trait or having origins within a difficult temperament. In other words, aggressionRead MoreEssay about Media Violence1541 Words   |  7 PagesViolence has been a contributing negative factor to society throughout history. Many researchers believe that the use of violent media, particularly video games, play a huge role in the downward trend of behavior and attitude of youth, and that this behavior continues to spiral out of control. However, other researchers believe that since violence has been occurring since the beginning of time, that adolescence are as capable today of violence, as they were a thousand years ago. Research

Impact of Credit Crisis Essay Sample free essay sample

A Credit Crisis is chiefly caused by a continued period of mindless and reckless loaning which consequences in losingss for both loaning establishments and investors when the full extent of bad debt becomes known. When it becomes known. loaners will no longer impart to borrowers because of high hazard. and hence cut down the handiness of loans. Borrowers so can no longer borrow money for operating disbursals and to refund debts. What had happened to do the Credit Crisis in 2008 was merely that the mortgage loaners were money hungry and careless and began passing out mortgages to anybody. regardless of their income and recognition history. These were called the sub-prime mortgages. They gave mortgages to anybody because they expected houses to continuously rise in value. and if the people using for mortgages defaulted. it wouldn’t affair because the loaner will merely merely take the place that the place owner’s had purchased. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Credit Crisis Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Home builders kept constructing more and more places. and finally. the supply of places exceeded the demand. Housing monetary values so began to plump and shortly after. the monetary values of the places were manner below the value of the mortgage that the place proprietors had owned. Home proprietors so didn’t think it was deserving paying off the mortgage when it was worth more than their places. and they merely left and defaulted. Not much longer. there were 100s of vacant houses in the market. and Bankss and investors who had invested in these mortgages could no longer generate income to cover their operating disbursals or to refund their debts or to even gain anymore ( â€Å"Crisis Explained† ) . This was the Credit Crisis. Within this Credit Crisis. we will travel more in-depth to how commercial Bankss and securities houses were affected and the differences between them. The U. S. banking industries were badly suffered by this Credit Crisis. The figure of bank failures skyrocketed from the impact of the crisis and most had to be aided by the authorities in order for them to go on operation. Banks stock values decreased significantly ( Kwan ) . The Federal Reserve had reported a large contraction in short-run debts. Based on the Federal Reserve flow of financess study ( â€Å"Flow of Funds† ) . we could see that the â€Å"open market paper. † which can be defined as short-run commercial loans. â€Å"was slashed at the one-year rate of $ 682 billion† ( â€Å"Commercial Banks† ) . We can besides see that it decreased once more at the rate of $ 337 billion per twelvemonth in the 4th one-fourth. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency ( OCC ) had besides reported harm and devastation in the derived functions market. Derived functions are stakes and debts placed by Bankss and others. In recent decennaries. derived functions have grown far beyond any grounds from the surface. The OCC reveals that in the 4th one-fourth of 2007 in its latest study. the national value of derived functions held by U. S. commercial Bankss plunged dramatically — by $ 8 trillion which had neer happened earlier. The U. S. Bankss had besides suffered a monolithic overall loss on their derived functions — $ 9. 97 billion which had besides neer happened before ( â€Å"Commercial Banks† ) . But in its latest study. the OCC’s chart below shows the magnitude and play of the diminution. We can see that the U. S. commercial Bankss had been doing consistent net incomes from their derived functions every twelvemonth until near the terminal of 2007. Their entire gross had neer dropped below positive and infrequent and curious suffered a important diminution and was even doing trade name new highs through the first 6 months of 2007. We experienced a landmark game-changing event: For the first clip. U. S. commercial Bankss suffered a immense loss in the derivative market. based on the bead of the ruddy line in the 4th one-fourth ( â€Å"Commercial Banks† ) . At the clip of the Credit Crisis. the Federal Reserve had lowered the involvement rate to 1 % to maintain the economic system strong. The investors who were puting in Treasury Bills ( T-bills ) no longer wants to make so any longer because a 1 % return wasn’t worth it to them. However. commercial Bankss were highly happy with this alteration in involvement rates. and began borrowing money from the Federal Reserve at merely 1 % and invested to a great extent into mortgages from the mortgage loaners. When puting Bankss purchase mortgages. they would have the involvement and rule payments from the place proprietor and this would bring forth them a nice sum of income. but they didn’t halt at that place. They would borrow immense sums of money and purchase tonss of mortgages and so bundle and categorise these mortgages into Collateralized Debt Obligations ( CDO ) which merely divide the mortgages into securities based on how hazardous they were. such as: safe ( low return ) . normal ( average return ) . and hazardous ( high return ) . They would so sell these CDOs to investors that no longer wanted to purchase T-bills. for a good sum of money. and in the terminal both groups are happy. But when estate values started to plump due to the extra supply of places ( freshly built and abandoned ) and diminished demand. the puting Bankss began having less of involvement and rule payments from the mortgages. and alternatively were having houses because the place proprietors would default on their mortgage. Investors notice this occurrence and no longer wished to put into these CDOs because they knew of the defaults and this type of investing became highly hazardous and no longer profitable and so they backed out. Commercial Bankss could no longer generate income to go on their operations or to pay off their debts and loans. and were approaching bankruptcy. The authorities could non allow these Bankss go bankrupt because it would destruct the whole economic system. and so they had to shoot one million millions of dollars in to the banking industry to forestall them from neglecting near the terminal of the crisis. Another consequence on the Commercial Banks can be seen by the London Interbank Offered Rate ( LIBOR ) . LIBOR represents the rate at which big planetary Bankss are willing to impart to each other on a short-run footing ( â€Å"Credit Crisis† ) . Normally. this rate presents small recognition hazard. but at the thick of the recognition crisis. LIBOR became an of import subject as a batch of Bankss in the US needed to borrow financess to go on day-to-day operations. LIBOR were unchanged for June – August 2008. but after Lehman Brothers went bankrupt. LIBOR experienced a crisp spike. In a planetary economic system based on recognition and trust. this was an highly distressing mark. and prompted concern among policymakers that the planetary fiscal system faced a systemic prostration ( â€Å"Credit Crisis† ) . When person expects their salary or income will increase following twelvemonth. they will increase disbursement now and put into securities houses. which is how securities houses make money. When the recognition crisis happened. involvement rates dropped doing a lower rate of return. and as a consequence investors looked elsewhere to put their money. and the securities house suffered. To further research how the recognition crisis affected securities houses. we are traveling to look at the instance of one of the largest securities houses in 2007. the Lehman Brothers. and to see the significant loss they had incurred from the Credit Crisis. In Crisis of 2008. the Lehman Brothers faced a crisis where they did non hold adequate financess to refund loans and their indirect backups were subprime mortgages that have been defaulted and its value diminished. This was all caused by Bankss doing NINJA loans at the government’s low involvement rate. This economic factor caused the full commercial documents money market to tumble over. Lehman tried to publish more commercial documents to cover its shortage. but investors all stayed away from it. Investors doubted the value of the collaterals Lehman’s had. and hence doing them extremely hazardous. Not merely did investors backed away from Lehman’s. they retreated from the full commercial paper market doing other corporations to hold deficient financess for operations. Furthermore. we can larn from the Lehman’s that the recognition crisis caused the money markets and securities houses to crash. From what we have explained in the Lehman Brothers illustration. investors lost assurance in the securities market doing them to withdraw from that type of investing wholly and so consuming the financess in the securities market. and so the other securities houses suffered the same destiny. After the recognition crisis several reactions can be observed from the securities market. In footings of the money market. T-bills started merchandising with negative returns. The planetary stock market recorded its worst hebdomad in October 2008 ; and it’s besides down more than 30 % for the twelvemonth. In the bonds market. corporate bond hazard premiums soared. Due to the fact that investors by and large lost assurance in corporations and they favored the ultra-safe U. S exchequer securities. We can see from the chart above that for this corporate bond. the hazard premiums skyrocketed. This is due to the tremendous hazard of buying their bonds. Consequentially. investors would non desire to take on such a high hazard. In general. most investors fled the securities market and rushed to the safety of T-bills. The recognition crisis most of import consequence on the securities market was through investor’s assurance. The current fiscal system is based on the premise that the market will go on to turn. This is a trust and assurance among investors. When this became broken. a dollar measure is merely a piece of paper. and a stock certification holds no value. The recognition crisis brought investors into a realisation of truth. They realized that a batch of Bankss and fiscal establishment were in problem. in profitableness. solvency and liquidness. The nucleus of â€Å"trust† was broken. This eroding of assurance Ate off at the very foundation of the modern fiscal system and is the ground why the recognition crisis posed such a grave menace ( â€Å"Credit Crisis† ) . This caused similar effects for other securities houses and in the terminal. they had besides been bailed out by the authorities. In the analysis above. we can see how both commercial Bankss and securities houses were affected by the recognition crisis. In the terminal they both suffer the same effects ( bankruptcy or authorities bailout ) . But the ground why they were affected otherwise was because they both were involved in the Crisis in different ways. Commercial Bankss borrowed a batch of money ( from Federal Reserves and other beginnings ) and they invested in mortgage backed securities on the premise of growing in lodging value. When householders defaulted and abandon their places. the Bankss were stuck with an extra supply of houses with no demands for them. Banks lost a significant sum of income but tonss of debt piled up to be repaid. Borrowing money becomes hard and expensive due to the deficiency of loan and high hazard premiums and finally Bankss failed to go on to run. doing bankruptcy. Consequentially. investors were disquieted and lost assurance in the securities market. because of unequal solvency. Investors instead invest their money in the ultra-safe T-bills. which were so popular. which caused a immense bead in rate of return. and at one point became negative. The money in securities market was drying up. intending no financess in the money market. bonds market and particularly mortgage markets. Without equal flow in the securities market. corporations no longer hold the liquidness to run doing a stock value bead. loss of assets and unemployment. Based on our research both the Commercial Banks and the Securities houses were immensely affected by the Credit Crisis. They had both incurred losingss. and lost the trust and assurance of investors but in different ways as discussed. Commercial Banks stopped having mortgage payments and investors no longer purchased their CDO’s. Securities Firms could no longer gain because investors did non hold assurance and trust in the solvency of their houses. and hence chose non to make concern with them. Plants Cited Kwan. Simon H. â€Å"Financial Crisis and Bank Lending. † Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. May 2010. Web. 7 Nov. 2012. . â€Å"Credit Crisis: Market Effectss. † Investopedia – Educating the World about Finance. Web. 07 Nov. 2012. . â€Å"The Credit Crisis Explained in Simple English. † Digital Inspiration. Web. 07 Nov. 2012. . â€Å"Commercial Banks Heading for Huge Derivatives Losses- Credit Crisis Turning into Credit Armageddon. † The Market Oracle. Web. 07 Nov. 2012. . â€Å"Flow of Funds Accounts of the United States. † Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Web. 7 Nov. 2012. .

The Tragedy of Julius Caesar free essay sample

Character List: Flavius tribune who breaks up crowd waiting to honor Caesars triumph Marcellus tribune who breaks up crowd waiting to honor Caesars triumph Julius Caesar Emperor of Rome Casca first to stab Caesar Calpurnia Caesars wife Mark Antony devoted follower of Caesar; defeats Brutus Soothsayer warns Caesar to Beware the Ides of March Brutus joins and then leads the conspiracy to kill Caesar Cassius organizes the conspiracy and gets Brutus to join Cicero Roman Senator Casca to whom talks on the eve of the assassination Cinna plants the forged letter for Cassius, also a conspirator Cinna (the poet) mistaken for Cinna the conspirator Lucius servant to Brutus Decius reinterprets Calpurnias dream and convinces Caesar to go to Senate Metellus distracts Caesars attention so conspirators can carry out their plan Trebonius takes Antony away from the assassination scene so he wont interfere Portia wife of Brutus Ligarius vows to follow Brutus Publius one of many who escort Caesar to the Senate meeting Artemidorus gives Caesar a letter of warning naming the conspirators Papilius wishes Cassius well in his enterprise Octavius heir of Julius Caesar Lepidus joins with Octavius and Antony, used by Octavius and Antony Pindarus servant to Cassius Lucilius captured by Antonys soldiers, mistaken for Brutus Messala reports Portias death, discovers Cassius body Varro servant of Brutus Claudius servant of Brutus Titinius officer, guards tent at Sardis Cato soldier in army of Brutus and Cassius Clitus servant of Brutus, refused to kill Brutus Dardanius servant of Brutus, refused to kill Brutus Volumnius friend and soldier to Brutus, refuses to hold Brutus sword Strato holds Brutus suicide sword Act I 1. We will write a custom essay sample on The Tragedy of Julius Caesar or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In Scene I, what do Flavius and Marcellus want the commoners to do? They want the commoners to break up and move along; they dont want them to celebrate Caesars triumphs. 2. What is the Soothsayers advice to Caesar? The Soothsayer told Caesar to Beware the Ides of March. 3. Explain the difference between the views of Caesar held by Cassius and Brutus. Cassius openly wants Caesar out of power. He is jealous and wants better for himself. Brutus has been thinking about Caesar and the state of his countrymen, and at this point is ready to listen to Cassius. Although Brutus loves Caesar, he recognizes Caesars flaws. 4. Caesar clearly gives his thoughts about Cassius. What does he say? Caesar says that Cassius has a lean and hungry look. He thinks too much and such men are dangerous. 5. Summarize Cascas explanation of why Caesar looked so sad. Antony offered Caesar a crown. When he refused it, the crowd cheered. So, although Caesar really wanted the crown, he at that point could not publicly accept it. Then he had a seizure. 6. At the end of Scene II in lines 312 326, Cassius makes plans. What plans does he make? Why? He is going to forge notes to Brutus from several citizens in order to help sway Brutus against Caesar. 7. Casca says, For I believe they are portentous things/Unto the climate that they point upon. What does he mean? He thinks the list of unnatural sights he has just told Cicero about are signs of the tragedy about to unfold in their country. 8. Why does Cassius want Brutus to join the conspiracy? Brutus is a favorite of the people. He is honorable and well-thought-of.